This document, the result of a collaborative effort between four leading scientific societies (SEDAR, SEMES, SEMICYUC, SEPAR), draws on the experience of 25 experts in the field to synthesize knowledge to address pertinent clinical questions and refine the approach to patient care in the face of the challenges posed by severe COVID-19 infection.

200 patients were included in the study between November 2019 and November 2020, with a mean age of 83 years with high comorbidity (Charlson index 4) and mild-moderate degree of dependence (Barthel 60). None had respiratory acidosis (pH 7.39). Evaluation at 60 min, 120 min and 24 h showed significant improvement in all patients and in the subgroup of hypercapnic patients with respect to baseline parameters in respiratory rate (RR), dyspnoea, ROX index, PaO2/FiO2, SpO2/FiO2 and patient comfort. No changes in PaCO2 or level of consciousness were observed. HFNC was well tolerated. Ten patients (5%) died due to progression of the disease causing ARF.

The European Respiratory Society task force panel included expert clinicians and methodologists in pulmonology and intensive care medicine. The task force used the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation) methods to summarise evidence and develop clinical recommendations for the use of HFNC alongside conventional oxygen therapy (COT) and noninvasive ventilation (NIV) for the management of adults in acute settings with ARF.

Este documento de consenso se ha preparado sobre directrices basadas en evidencia desarrolladas por un panel multidisciplinario de profesionales médicos de cuatro sociedades científicas españolas (Sociedad Española de Medicina Intensiva y Unidades Coronarias [SEMICYUC], Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica [SEPAR], Sociedad Española de Urgencias y Emergencias [SEMES], Sociedad Española de Anestesiología, Reanimación y Terapéutica del Dolor [SEDAR]) con experiencia en el manejo clínico de pacientes con COVID-19 y otras infecciones virales, incluido el SARS, así como en sepsis y SDRA. El documento proporciona recomendaciones clínicas para el soporte respiratorio no invasivo (ventilación no invasiva, oxigenoterapia de alto flujo con cánula nasal) en cualquier paciente con presentación sospechada o confirmada de COVID-19 con insuficiencia respiratoria aguda.

Consenso de expertos de diferenes sociedades científicas para consensuar las recomendaciones (hasta un total de 71) fundamentadas en la revisión de la literatura y en la actualización de la evidencia disponible en relación con 3 categorías: indicaciones, monitorización y seguimiento del soporte respiratorio no invasivo en la IRA.

This print supplement and the related video focus on the administration of supplemental oxygen in

adult patients in an acute care setting through a nasal cannula, simple face mask, face tent, nonrebreather face mask, Venturi mask, and high-flow nasal cannula. Each technique may vary depending on institutional guidelines, the available equipment, and the manufacturer’s instructions.

We performed a single center prospective observational study of subjects with respiratory failure from COVID-19 managed with high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) and CPAP+HFNC (combined therapy). The main outcome was the intubation rate, which defined failure of therapy. We also analyzed the role of the ROX index ([SpO2/FiO2]/respiratory rate) to predict the need for intubation.

Desde VMNI-CR Grupo se pretenden delimitar las recomendaciones para el uso de Terapias no Invasivas en pacientes con Infecci.n Respiratoria por COVID-19 (IRCOVID-19) e insuficiencia respiratoria aguda (IRA). La información que se va a aportar en este documento se basa en recomendaciones de expertos en VMNI, en al análisis de la evidencia, y en los protocolos, experiencia y recomendaciones de centros y facultativos que están atendiendo este tipo de casos.